How the US Could Attempt to Capture Iran’s Kharg Island

Strategic Importance of the Island

Kharg Island, located in the northern Gulf, serves as Iran’s primary hub for oil exports. Its deep-water location allows large tankers, known as Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs), to dock efficiently. Nearly 90% of Iran’s oil shipments pass through this critical point, making it a vital asset for the nation’s economy. During the Iran-Iraq conflict of the 1980s, the island was frequently targeted by Iraqi air strikes. In March 2024, the U.S. reportedly attacked 90 military sites there, leaving the oil facilities intact.

US Military Plan and Deployment

If the U.S. proceeds with an operation, it may involve a temporary occupation of Kharg Island to pressure Iran into releasing its grip on the Strait of Hormuz—a major oil shipping route. The plan would likely rely on rapid military action, with forces including around 5,000 Marines and 2,000 paratroopers from the 82nd Airborne Division. The paratroopers could launch a nighttime assault to secure key positions, while Marines would use Osprey aircraft and LCAC landing craft to deploy from naval vessels.

However, the operation would face immediate challenges. The U.S. ships must navigate the Strait of Hormuz, controlled by Iran, and approach the Gulf while avoiding hidden drone and missile launch sites. Expect anti-personnel mines and drone swarms to greet any landing. Despite these risks, the U.S. military’s strength suggests a likely success, though at a high cost in casualties.

Risks and Public Reaction

Occupying Kharg Island would require maintaining a foothold under constant fire from Iran’s mainland. This could lead to prolonged conflict and growing domestic opposition in the U.S., even among Trump’s backers. Some of his supporters voted for him partly to avoid such prolonged engagements.

“Our forces will deliver a decisive strike on any invaders,” warned Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, speaker of Iran’s parliament.

Iran has bolstered defenses on the island, including surface-to-air missile systems. The country also accuses the U.S. of inconsistency, criticizing its simultaneous peace talks and troop movements.

Alternative Targets and Deception

While Kharg remains a prime focus, other islands in the Gulf could be targets. Larak Island, near Bandar Abbas, is used by Iran to inspect tankers and charge $2 million to pass. Qeshm, the largest island, is suspected of hosting underground missile sites. Disputed islands like Abu Musa and the Tunbs are also occupied by Iran.

These islands collectively form a defensive network, enabling Iran to monitor and disrupt maritime traffic. The recent emphasis on Kharg may signal a broader strategy, with the possibility that the operation could be a ruse to divert attention from other objectives.

Whether the U.S. moves forward with a full-scale invasion or uses the threat to achieve diplomatic gains, the strategic implications of controlling Kharg Island are significant. The island’s role as a chokepoint highlights the high stakes of any military action in the region.