WHO approves first Malaria drug for babies

A Breakthrough for Infant Health

Over two-thirds of malaria-related fatalities occur in children under five, making them the most at-risk group. A new treatment now offers a promising solution for this critical demographic. On the eve of World Malaria Day, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the approval of the first infant-specific antimalarial drug. This formulation, combining artemether and lumefantrine, is safe for babies weighing less than 5 kilograms (2.2 pounds).

Addressing a Critical Gap

Previously, infants were treated with medications formulated for older children, which posed risks of incorrect dosing and toxic effects. The WHO’s endorsement permits nations to implement the drug without requiring comprehensive clinical trials. It also enables UN agencies to acquire and deploy the treatment in affected regions, pending governmental consent.

Global Impact of Malaria

Children under five continue to be the most susceptible demographic, accounting for nearly 70% of all fatalities linked to the mosquito-borne disease. Malaria’s effect extends beyond young children, significantly impacting pregnant women. Annually, it contributes to approximately 10,000 maternal deaths, 200,000 stillbirths, and around 550,000 infants born with low birth weight, according to the WHO.

Progress and Persistent Challenges

Global initiatives since 2000 have resulted in substantial progress, with an estimated 14 million deaths averted. Nevertheless, malaria remains a critical health issue, with about 282 million cases and over half a million deaths reported in 2024. Sub-Saharan Africa shoulders the majority of the global malaria burden, accounting for nine out of ten cases and deaths worldwide.

Closing the Care Gap

The drug fills a critical gap in care for 30 million newborns annually in malaria-prone areas across the continent. “For centuries, malaria has stolen children from their parents, and health, wealth, and hope from communities,” said WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “But today, the story is changing. New vaccines, diagnostic tests, next-generation mosquito nets, and effective medicines, including those adapted for the youngest, are helping to turn the tide.”

Enhancing Diagnosis

Earlier this April, the WHO approved three rapid diagnostic tests to combat evolving malaria parasites. In the Horn of Africa, up to 80% of cases were overlooked due to false negatives, delaying treatment and increasing the risk of death. In 2021, the WHO endorsed the first malaria vaccine, targeting young children in multiple African countries on a large scale.